CDL Requirements by State (2026)

Full State-by-State CDL Requirements

Data reflects federal baseline plus known state-specific variations. Always verify with your state DMV before applying.

Fees are estimates and may vary by class, endorsements, and county. ELDT = Entry-Level Driver Training. CLP = Commercial Learner's Permit. Last updated May 2026.

Frequently Asked Questions

What's the youngest age you can get a CDL?

You can get a CDL at 18 for intrastate driving — that means you stay within your home state's borders. But if you want to drive across state lines (interstate), federal law says you need to be 21. A few states have exceptions or pilot programs, but 18/21 is the rule that covers almost everyone.

Do all states require ELDT training?

Yes. Since February 7, 2022, every state requires Entry-Level Driver Training for anyone getting a Class A or Class B CDL for the first time, upgrading from B to A, or adding a Hazmat, Passenger, or School Bus endorsement. The training has to come from a provider listed on the FMCSA Training Provider Registry (TPR). No exceptions.

How long do I have to hold a CLP before taking the skills test?

Most states require a 14-day holding period after you get your Commercial Learner's Permit before you can schedule the skills test. Some states are shorter — Florida, for example, doesn't make you wait to retest if you fail — but 14 days is the federal baseline and what you'll see in most places.

What knowledge tests do I need to pass?

At minimum, you'll take the General Knowledge test. If you're getting a Class A with air brakes, add Air Brakes and Combination Vehicles. Want endorsements? Each one has its own written test: Hazmat, Tanker, Passenger, School Bus, Doubles/Triples. Texas throws in a Special Requirements test (Section 14) that no other state has. Most tests are 50 multiple-choice questions, and you need 80% to pass.

Is a DOT medical card required for a CDL?

Yes, across all 50 states and DC. You need a valid DOT medical examiner's certificate (often called a 'med card') to hold a CDL. The exam checks your vision, hearing, blood pressure, and overall fitness. You'll need to recertify every 1–2 years depending on your health. No medical card = no CDL, period.

Can I transfer my CDL from one state to another?

You can't have a CDL from two states at the same time — federal law prohibits it. When you move, you surrender your old CDL and apply for a new one in your new state. Most states waive the skills test if your out-of-state CDL is current and valid, but you'll still need to pass the written knowledge tests for that state and pay their fees. Some states also require a new medical card or verification of your ELDT completion.

What's the difference between intrastate and interstate CDL?

Intrastate means you only drive within your home state's borders. Interstate means you cross state lines or haul freight that moves between states — even if your route stays local. Interstate driving requires you to be at least 21. Intrastate drivers can start at 18, but they're limited to routes that never leave the state. If you're hauling loads that originated out of state, that's interstate commerce regardless of where you drive.

Do I need a background check for a Hazmat endorsement?

Yep. The TSA runs a security threat assessment (fingerprinting + background check) for anyone adding a Hazmat endorsement. You have to be at least 21. The process takes 30–45 days and costs around $90–$130 on top of your state's fees. You'll also need to complete Hazmat ELDT training before taking the written test. The endorsement needs to be renewed every 5 years, which means another background check each time.

How much does it cost to get a CDL?

It varies a lot by state. Just the DMV fees — CLP, knowledge tests, skills test, and the CDL itself — typically run $30 to $85. But the real cost is in training. ELDT theory courses can be free (like ours) or cost hundreds. Behind-the-wheel training at a truck driving school runs $3,000–$7,000 on average. Add in your DOT physical ($75–$150), Hazmat background check ($90–$130 if applicable), and you're looking at a wide range depending on your path.

Can I take the CDL knowledge test online?

Most states still require you to take the knowledge test in person at a DMV or testing center. A few states experimented with online testing during COVID, but the majority have gone back to in-person only. Check with your state's DMV — the rules are different everywhere and they change. Either way, you'll absolutely need to do the skills test (pre-trip, basic controls, road test) in person.